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فَهَزَمُوْهُمْ بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ ۗوَقَتَلَ دَاوٗدُ جَالُوْتَ وَاٰتٰىهُ اللّٰهُ الْمُلْكَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهٗ مِمَّا يَشَاۤءُ ۗ وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللّٰهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَّفَسَدَتِ الْاَرْضُ وَلٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ ذُوْ فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْعٰلَمِيْنَ   ( البقرة: ٢٥١ )

fahazamūhum
فَهَزَمُوهُم
So they defeated them
bi-idh'ni
بِإِذْنِ
by (the) permission
l-lahi
ٱللَّهِ
(of) Allah
waqatala
وَقَتَلَ
and killed
dāwūdu
دَاوُۥدُ
Dawood
jālūta
جَالُوتَ
Jalut
waātāhu
وَءَاتَىٰهُ
and gave him
l-lahu
ٱللَّهُ
Allah
l-mul'ka
ٱلْمُلْكَ
the kingdom
wal-ḥik'mata
وَٱلْحِكْمَةَ
and the wisdom
waʿallamahu
وَعَلَّمَهُۥ
and taught him
mimmā
مِمَّا
that which
yashāu
يَشَآءُۗ
He willed
walawlā
وَلَوْلَا
And if not
dafʿu
دَفْعُ
(for the) repelling
l-lahi
ٱللَّهِ
(by) Allah
l-nāsa
ٱلنَّاسَ
[the] people
baʿḍahum
بَعْضَهُم
some of them
bibaʿḍin
بِبَعْضٍ
with others
lafasadati
لَّفَسَدَتِ
certainly (would have) corrupted
l-arḍu
ٱلْأَرْضُ
the Earth
walākinna
وَلَٰكِنَّ
[and] but
l-laha
ٱللَّهَ
Allah
dhū
ذُو
(is) Possessor
faḍlin
فَضْلٍ
(of) bounty
ʿalā
عَلَى
to
l-ʿālamīna
ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ
the worlds

Fahazamoohum bi iznillaahi wa qatala Daawoodu jaaloota wa aataahul laahulmulka Wal Hikmata wa 'allamahoo mimmaa yashaaa'; wa law laa daf'ullaahin naasa ba'dahum biba'dil lafasadatil ardu wa laakinnal laaha zoo fadlin 'alal'aalameen (al-Baq̈arah 2:251)

Sahih International:

So they defeated them by permission of Allah, and David killed Goliath, and Allah gave him the kingship and wisdom [i.e., prophethood] and taught him from that which He willed. And if it were not for Allah checking [some] people by means of others, the earth would have been corrupted, but Allah is the possessor of bounty for the worlds. (Al-Baqarah [2] : 251)

1 Mufti Taqi Usmani

So, they defeated them by the will of Allah, and Dāwūd (David) killed Jālūt, and Allah gave him the kingdom and the wisdom and taught him what He willed. Had Allah not been pushing back some people by means of others, the earth would have been spoiled. But Allah is All-Gracious to all the worlds.